La suplementación mineral del ganado: Revisión de principios y tecnologías aplicadas, para mejorar el desempeño productivo
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La nutrición mineral del ganado, al igual que de la mayoría de los animales domésticos ha mostrado grandes avances que han mejorado la comprensión de sus funciones metabólicas, sobre la salud y el desempeño productivo. Objetivo: Mostrar los elementos que evidencian los avances de la comprensión de la nutrición mineral del ganado, sobre sus funciones metabólicas, la salud y el desempeño productivo, así como las tecnologías aplicadas con miras a mejorar la eficiencia alimenticia, en un contexto productivo, de salud y bienestar. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica basada en la búsqueda de publicaciones científicas de diferentes revistas y asociaciones de investigación, inclusive las recientes ediciones de los requerimientos de nutrientes del ganado lechero de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Medicina (NASEM). Resultados: Las investigaciones muestran como desde 1970, las tecnologías han colaborado en gran medida a mejorar la comprensión y dar importancia a la suplementación mineral. Paralelamente, la implementación de nuevas e innovadoras metodologías, como el acomplejamiento de un mineral, con moléculas orgánicas, así como, una mayor precisión en la estimación del requerimiento, evidencian mejoras sobre la absorción mineral, optimizando la productividad de los animales, en tanto que reducen las excreciones al medio ambiente.
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