Moderate Mediation Analysis Using Structural Equations: An Approach for Business Management Research
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to provide a methodological-conceptual guide on the application of moderated mediation analysis for researchers in the area of business management. It offers comprehensive and practical orientation on how to conceive, design, and examine research models that seek to test very complex conditional indirect effects using structural equation modeling. To this end, a hypothetical model is created to serve as an illustration of the model design process and its analysis. The techniques described here can uncover the more subtle mechanisms by which cause-effect relationships occur and can be applied to all types of cases or particular study phenomena. The study provides researchers with a deeper understanding of moderated mediation and its verification process, which can contribute to substantially strengthen the quality and results of research using the fundamental concepts, robust methodologies and analytical processes offered here.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Todos los artículos publicados están protegidos con la licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
How to Cite
References
Aguinis, H., Edwards, J. R., & Bradley, K. J. (2017). Improving our understanding of moderation and mediation in strategic management research. Organizational Research Methods, 20(4), 665-685. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428115627498
Alegre, J., & Chiva, R. (2013). Linking entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: The role of organizational learning capability and innovation performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(4),491-507. https://doi.org 10.1111/jsbm.12005
Amabile, T. M., & Pratt, M. G. (2016). The dynamic componential model of creativity and innovation in organizations: Making progress, making meaning. Research in Organizational Behavior, 36(19, 157-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2016.10.001
Awang, Z., Afthanorhan, A., & Asri, M. A. M. (2015). Parametric and non-parametric approach in structural equation modeling (SEM): The application of bootstrapping. Modern Applied Science, 9(9), 58-67 https:/doi.org/10.5539/mas.v9n9p58
Bagozzi, R., & Yi, Y. 2012. Specification, evaluation, and interpretation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(1), 8-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-011-0278-x
Bittmann, F. (2021). Bootstrapping: An integrated approach with Python and Stata. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG,
Brown, B. W., & Newey, W. K. (2002). Generalized method of moments, efficient bootstrapping, and improved inference. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 20(4), 507-517. https://doi.org/10.1198/073500102288618649
Byrne, B. (2016). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications and programing. London: Routledge.
Bagozzi, R., & Yi, Y. 2012. Specification, evaluation, and interpretation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(1): 8-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-011-0278-x
Calvo-Madurga, A. (2020). Mediación y moderación en modelos lineales. https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/43779 (recuperado 2 agosto 2023)
Castro, I., Roldán, J. L., & Acedo, F. J. (2015). The dimensions of alliance portfolio configuration: A mediation model. Journal of Management & Organization, 21(2), 176-202. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2014.74
Chacón-Henao, J., López-Zapata, E., & Arias-Pérez, J. (2022). Liderazgo compartido en equipos directivos y desempeño organizacional: el rol mediador del capital social. Estudios Gerenciales, 38(162), 32-44. https://doi.org/10.18046 /j.estger.2022.162.4524
Cropley, D., & Cropley, A. (2017). Innovation capacity, organisational culture and gender. European Journal of Innovation Management, 20(3), 493-510. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-12-2016-0120
Dash, G., & Paul, J. (2021). CB-SEM vs PLS-SEM methods for research in social sciences and technology forecasting. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 173, 121092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121092
El-Kassar, A. N., & Singh, S. K. (2019). Green innovation and organizational performance: The influence of big data and the moderating role of management commitment and HR practices. Technological forecasting and social change, 144(1), 483-498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.12.016
Fidel Criado, P. (2016). Antecedentes estratégicos de la capacidad de innovación empresarial y sus efectos en los resultados. http://hdl.handle.net/10550/53095 (recuperado 6 de abril 2022)
Field, A. (2013). Moderation, mediation and more. In A. M Carmichael (Ed.). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. London: Sage.
Gerged, A. M., Albitar, K., & Al‐Haddad, L. (2023). Corporate environmental disclosure and earnings management—The moderating role of corporate governance structures. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 28(3), 2789-2810.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2564
Hair, J. F., Gabriel, M., & Patel, V. (2014). AMOS covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM): Guidelines on its application as a marketing research tool. Brazilian Journal of Marketing, 13(2), 44-55 https://doi.org 10.5585/remark.v 13i2.2718
Hair Jr, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis, 1(2), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMDA.2017.087624
Hayes, A. F. (2015). An index and test of linear moderated mediation. Multivariate behavioral research, 50(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2014.962683
Hayes, A. F., Montoya, A. K., & Rockwood, N. J. (2017). The analysis of mechanisms and their contingencies: PROCESS versus structural equation modeling. Australasian Marketing Journal, 25(1), 76-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2017.02.001
Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100
Hayes, A. F. (2022). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A Regression-Based Approach 3rd Ed. New York: The Guilford Press
Holbert, R. L., & Park, E. (2020). Conceptualizing, organizing, and positing moderation in communication research. Communication Theory, 30(3), 227–246. https://doi.org/ 10.1093/ct/qtz006
Igartua, J., González, A., & Arcila, C. (2022). Uso de narraciones testimoniales para persuadir a las personas sobre la Inteligencia Artificial. El papel de la similitud actitudinal con el protagonista del mensaje. Profesional de la Información, 31(4), 1-16 https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.jul.09
Igartua, J. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2021). Mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: Concepts, computations, and some common confusions. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 24(1), 2-22. https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2021.46
Jannoo, Z., Yap, B. W., Auchoybur, N., & Lazim, M. A. (2014). The effect of nonnormality on CB-SEM and PLS-SEM path estimates. International Journal of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, 8(2), 285-291.
Johnson, R. W. (2001). An introduction to the bootstrap. Teaching Statistics, 23(2), 49-54.
http://danida.vnu.edu.vn/cpis/files/Refs/LAD/An%20Introduction%20to%20the%20Bootstrap.pdf (recuperado el 15 enero 2022).
Koster, F. (2022). Knowledge management and innovation performance a mediated-moderation model. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 19(02), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1142/S021987702250002X
Hernández, L.D.A. & Hurtado, L. A. S. (2016). La creatividad y el desarrollo del talento humano. Magazine de las ciencias: Revista de Investigación e Innovación, 1(2), 17-24. https://revistas.utb.edu.ec/index.php/magazine/article/view/48 (recuperado 22 mayo 2023).
Mia, M. M., Majri, Y., & Rahman, I. K. A. (2019). Covariance based-structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) using AMOS in management research. Journal of Business and Management, 21(1), 56-61. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-2101025661
Oliva, R., Carvajal, K., & Cataldo, A. (2018). Impacto de TI en las pequeñas y medianas empresas ¿es su efecto moderado por la intensidad de uso de TI de la industria? Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 13(2), 82-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242018000200082
Onwe, C. C., Ogbo, A., & Ameh, A. A. (2020). Entrepreneurial orientation and small firm performance: The moderating role of environmental hostility. Entrepreneurial Business & Economics Review, 8(4), 67-84 https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2020.080404
Pérez-De-Lema, D. G., Hansen, P. B., Madrid-Gujjarro, A., & Silva-Santos, J. L. (2019). Influence of the business environment in the dynamics of innovation and in the performance of SMEs. International Journal of Innovation Management, 23(05), 1950044. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919619500440
Preacher, K. J., Rucker, D. D., & Hayes, A. F. (2007). Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods, and prescriptions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), 185-227. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273170701341316
Río-Cortina, J. L. D., Acosta-Mesa, R. E., Santis-Puche, M. A., & Machado-Licona, J. (2022). El efecto mediador de la innovación entre la gestión del talento humano y el desempeño organizacional. Información Tecnológica, 33(2), 13-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-07642022000200013
Salessi, S. M., & Omar, A. G. (2017). Capital psicológico y regulación emocional en el trabajo: el rol mediador de la satisfacción laboral .22(1), 98-98. https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/53741
Sandoval-Alvarez, C. (2022). Determinants of export intensity among small and medium-sized firms: An empirical study based on the heterogeneity of their resources. Estudios de Administración, 29(1), 5-27. https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-0816.2022.66217
Santoso, A., & Ariefiantoro, T. (2019). Managerial Ownership as Moderating Variables in Effect of Profitability on Firm Value. Tirtayasa Ekonomika, 14(2), 220-231. http://dx.doi.org/10.35448/jte.v14i2.6477
Yan, Z., Mansor, Z. D., Choo, W. C., & Abdullah, A. R. (2021). How to reduce employees’ turnover intention from the psychological perspective: A mediated moderation model. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 1(1)185-197. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S293839
Zheng, J., Gu, Y., Xie, H., & Wu, G. (2023). Linking innovation, empowerment to facilitate project performance: A mediated moderation model. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 68,(1) 101750.