Valorização abrangente dos resíduos do cultivo do abacaxi para produtos de alto valor: uma revisão sob uma perspectiva global
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47633/zhp44522Palavras-chave:
agroindústria sustentável, economia circular, inovação agroindustrial, resíduos de abacaxi, valorização de resíduosResumo
O cultivo do abacaxi gera resíduos agroindustriais significativos, como cascas, coroas, miolos e restos de colheita, que muitas vezes são descartados apesar de seu potencial como matérias-primas valiosas. Esta revisão tem como objetivo realizar uma avaliação abrangente da valorização sustentável desses resíduos por meio de tecnologias emergentes com base biológica. O objetivo é examinar criticamente as evidências científicas sobre sua transformação em produtos de alto valor agregado nos setores de energia renovável, agricultura, bioplásticos e nutracêuticos. Metodologicamente, esta revisão analisa literatura científica revisada por pares e publicada recentemente, selecionada a partir de bases de dados acadêmicas, com ênfase em estudos realizados em regiões tropicais da Ásia, América Latina e África. Os critérios de seleção incluíram viabilidade tecnológica, relevância ambiental e coerência com os princípios da bioeconomia circular. Os resultados mostram que os resíduos do abacaxi, ricos em fibras lignocelulósicas, açúcares e compostos bioativos, podem ser convertidos em bioetanol, biogás, hidrogênio, bioplásticos, corantes naturais e suplementos dietéticos. Na agricultura, o biocarvão e os fertilizantes orgânicos à base de composto melhoram a saúde do solo, aumentam a produtividade agrícola e reduzem o uso de insumos químicos. Os subprodutos do abacaxi também são valiosos para a produção de embalagens biodegradáveis, têxteis e corantes naturais, oferecendo alternativas sustentáveis aos materiais derivados do petróleo. Compostos bioativos como a bromelina e antioxidantes extraídos dos resíduos de abacaxi têm aplicações em alimentos funcionais, produtos farmacêuticos e cosméticos. As fibras naturais das coroas e cascas são utilizadas em bioplásticos e materiais compósitos, promovendo os princípios da economia circular e reduzindo os impactos ambientais. Apesar do seu potencial, persistem desafios como a escalabilidade tecnológica e a integração no mercado. Ao transformar os resíduos agrícolas em produtos de alto valor, a indústria do abacaxi pode contribuir para o crescimento econômico, a preservação ambiental e o desenvolvimento de indústrias sustentáveis alinhadas aos objetivos da economia circular.
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