From Intuition to Structure: Analysis of Organizational Performance Factors in a Costa Rican SME via McKinsey’s 7S Model

Abstract

In small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), organizational management often relies on the intuition and empirical experience of their founders. As these organizations grow, it becomes necessary to adopt structured tools that allow for a comprehensive understanding of their performance. This study aims to analyze the key factors influencing organizational performance in a Costa Rican SME in the food sector, using McKinsey’s 7S model as the analytical framework. This model considers seven interrelated elements. The research follows a quantitative-descriptive approach through the development and application of a structured questionnaire based on the 7S model. The instrument is applied to the company's management team. Results indicate that six of the seven elements are rated as “low,” while only the “staff” component achieves a “moderate” rating, showing relatively stronger performance in talent management. However, the analysis also reveals that this strength could be compromised if the other organizational components are not improved. The findings help identify the company’s main internal weaknesses and highlight priority areas for managerial action. It is concluded that McKinsey’s 7S model serves as a practical and insightful diagnostic tool, enabling SMEs to evaluate their current organizational status and guide improvement efforts. By using this model, companies can move from intuition-based decisions to a more structured and professional management approach, ultimately enhancing their strategic alignment and competitiveness in the market. This research contributes actionable insights for SME leaders seeking to better understand and improve their internal operations in a systematic and evidence-based manner.