Supplementation of Pycnoporus sanguineus CS2 Enzymes in Drinking Water: Effects on Productive Performance and Intestinal Morphology in Broiler Chicken
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47633/hrjykw83Keywords:
basidiomicetos, eficiencia alimenticia, enzimas activas en carbohidratos (CAZymes), lacasa, salud animalAbstract
Introduction, The present study evaluates the effect of a crude multi-enzyme extract derived from basidiomycete fungi on the performance parameters and intestinal architecture of broiler chickens. The main objective is to determine the biotechnological potential of these lignocellulolytic enzymes as an additive in drinking water to improve the efficiency of the poultry meat production system. Methodology, The research is conducted in the municipality of Marin, Nuevo Leon, under seasonal arid climatic conditions. The methodology consists of the production of a fungal extract characterized by spectrophotometric techniques to quantify laccase, cellulase, and xylanase activities. A completely randomized experimental design is used to compare birds under a control diet against a group supplemented with the enzyme complex. Morphometric analyses of intestinal tissues are performed using conventional histology techniques and hematoxylin-eosin staining to measure villus height and crypt depth. Results and discussion, Results demonstrate that the supernatant possesses predominant laccase and beta-glucosidase activity. Although feed intake shows no variation, the supplemented group exhibits a significant optimization of feed efficiency and a reduction in water intake. Histological analysis reveals an increase in villus height in the duodenum, which favors the absorption surface. It is discussed that the degradation of lignin and non-starch polysaccharides reduces digesta viscosity and energy expenditure for epithelial maintenance. Conclusions, The use of basidiomycete enzymes improves nutrient assimilation without compromising physiological integrity. The most outstanding finding is the positive correlation between fungal enzymatic activity and the increase in feed efficiency through the modification of the proximal intestinal structure.
Downloads
References
Abadulla, E., Robra, K. H., Gübitz, G. M., Silva, L. M., & Cavaco-Paulo, A. (2000). Enzymatic decolorization of textile dyeing effluents. Textile Research Journal, 70(5), 409–414. https://doi.org/10.1177/004051750007000506
Abbas, A. O., Nassar, F. S., & Al Ali, A. M. (2025). Challenges of ensuring sustainable poultry meat production and economic resilience under climate change for achieving sustainable food security. Research on World Agricultural Economy, 159–171. https://doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v6i1.1441
Adibmoradi, M., Navidshad, B., Seifdavati, J., & Royan, M. (2006). Effect of dietary garlic meal on histological structure of small intestine in broiler chickens. The Journal of Poultry Science, 43(4), 378–383. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.43.378
Attia, Y. A., El-Kelawy, M., Al-Harthi, M., & El-Shafey, A. (2020). Impact of multienzymes dose supplemented continuously or intermittently in drinking water on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood constituents of broiler chickens. Animals, 10(3), 375. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10030375
Bharathidhasan, A., Chandrasekaran, D., Natarajan, A., Ravi, R., & Ezhilvalavan, S. (2010). Effect of enzyme supplementation to nutrient reduced diet on performance of broilers. Tamilnadu Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 6(1), 1–7.*
Chodová, D., & Tůmová, E. (2020). Insects in chicken nutrition: A review. Agronomy Research, 18(2), 376–392. 10.15159/AR.20.003
de Souza Jr, E. F., Santos, I. M., Souto, F., Calado, V., & Pereira Jr, N. (2022). Optimization and implementation of fed-batch strategy to produce ligninolytic enzyme from the white-rot basidiomycete Pycnoporus sanguineus in bubble column reactor. Fermentation, 8(9), 418. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8090418
Elsharkawy, R. R., Abdelkhalek, A. M., Abd-Elsamee, M. O., & Elsherif, H. R. (2025). Effect of dietary probiotics and enzymes addition on broiler performance, carcass characteristics and intestinal morphology. Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal, 71(184), 350–363. 10.21608/avmj.2025.310306.1337
Gous, R. M., & Iji, P. A. (2001). Evaluating the route of administration of an exogenous microbial enzyme for broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 10(2), 150–153. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/10.2.150
Hafez, H. M., & Attia, Y. A. (2020). Challenges to the poultry industry: Current perspectives and strategic future after the COVID-19 outbreak. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, 516. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00516
Kpomasse, C. C., Oke, O. E., Houndonougbo, F. M., & Tona, K. (2021). Broiler production challenges in the tropics: A review. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 7(3), 831–842. https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.435
Lestingi, A., Alagawany, M., Di Cerbo, A., Crescenzo, G., & Zizzadoro, C. (2024). Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) used as functional feed supplement or alternative protein source: A review of the effects of different dietary inclusion levels on production performance, health status, and meat quality of broiler chickens. Life, 14(12), 1537. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14121537
Miller, G. L. (1959). Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Analytical Chemistry, 31(3), 426–428. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60147a030
Mokoma, M. J., & Ciacciariello, M. (2010). The use of enzyme supplementation for wheat-barley diets in poultry as a means of improving productive performance. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Limpopo, South Africa.
Nuraini, N., Mirzah, M., Nur, Y. S., & Harnentis, H. (2022). Improving Azolla microphylla through fermentation with lignocellulolytic fungi and its application in broiler feed. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 10(5), 1090–1100. https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2022/10.5.1090.1100
Ohimain, E. I., & Ofongo, R. T. S. (2014). Enzyme supplemented poultry diets: Benefits so far—A review. International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, 3(1), 31–39.
Peralta, R. M., da Silva, B. P., Côrrea, R. C. G., Kato, C. G., Seixas, F. A. V., & Bracht, A. (2017). Enzymes from basidiomycetes—Peculiar and efficient tools for biotechnology. In Biotechnology of Microbial Enzymes (pp. 119–149). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803725-6.00005-4
Pourazadi, Z., Salari, S., Tabandeh, M. R., & Abdollahi, M. R. (2024). Insoluble fibre and enzyme supplementation in mash or pellet diets on growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens fed barley containing diets. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 10(2), e1399. https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1399
Selle, P. H., Dorigam, J. C. D. P., Lemme, A., Chrystal, P. V., & Liu, S. Y. (2020). Synthetic and crystalline amino acids: Alternatives to soybean meal in chicken-meat production. Animals, 10(4), 729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10040729
Velázquez-De Lucio, B. S., Hernández-Domínguez, E. M., Villa-García, M., Díaz-Godínez, G., Mandujano-Gonzalez, V., Mendoza-Mendoza, B., & Álvarez-Cervantes, J. (2021). Exogenous enzymes as zootechnical additives in animal feed: A review. Catalysts, 11(7), 851. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11070851
Walker, H., Vartiainen, S., Apajalahti, J., Taylor-Pickard, J., Nikodinoska, I., & Moran, C. A. (2024). The effect of including a mixed-enzyme product in broiler diets on performance, metabolizable energy, phosphorus and calcium retention. Animals, 14(2), 328. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14020328
Zancan, L. R., Barreto, A. R., & de Menezes, C. R. (2015). Estudo da produção enzimática fúngica por basidiomicetos cultivados em resíduos lignocelulósicos. Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental, 19(3), 850–860. https://doi.org/10.5902/2236117018368
Zmitrovich, I. V., Arefiev, S. P., Kapitonov, V. I., Shiryaev, A. G., Ranadive, K. R., & Bondartseva, M. A. (2023). Substrate ecology of wood-inhabiting basidiomycetes. In Ecology of Macrofungi (pp. 179–221). Springer.
Zubaidah, S., Ariyadi, B., Hanim, C., & Baskara, A. P. (2024). Health status of broiler chickens fed diets containing palm kernel cake with enzyme mixture supplementation. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 47(4), 465–474. https://doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2024.47.4.465
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Iosvany López-Sandin, Uziel Castillo-Velázquez, Carlos Alberto Hernández Martínez, Raymundo Alejandro Pérez–Hernández, Joel Horacio Elizondo-Luevano, Carlos Jesús Castillo-Zacarias, Roberto Parra-Saldívar, Jesús Andrés Pedroza Flores, Marcela Alejandra Gloria Garza, Guadalupe Gutiérrez Soto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All articles published in the Revista Agro are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
